# VSCode/Cursor Builds & Debugging (macOS)

Status: **IN PROGRESS** · updated 2026-10-01

**Asana:** [Migration to fully VSCode-supported builds&debugging](https://app.asana.com/1/137249556945/project/1203301625297703/task/1209808486380252)
**Repo:** `~/DuckDuckGo/apple-browsers.git` (bare + worktrees)
**Findings:** [[projects/vscode-migration/findings]]

## Goal

Build, run and debug the macOS app from VSCode/Cursor: make most of the app
SPM-compatible, so `swift build` + SourceKit-LSP work, and configure
`.vscode` (tasks, launch).

## Status

| Step | Status |
|---|---|
| Move non-Swift code to local packages | ✅ Jun 2025 |
| Missing imports, unused files cleanup | ✅ Jun 2025 |
| Initial VSCode config | ✅ Jun 2025 (stale: `sweetpad` worktree) |
| Unify WebKit private methods (Sparkle/AppStore) | ✅ Feb 2026 |
| Drop `#if SPARKLE/APPSTORE` | ✅ Mar 2026 — DMG and App Store targets now compile the same 1398 files |
| Drop dead target flags (`SANDBOX_TEST_TOOL`, `ALPHA`, `NETWORK_EXTENSION` in shared files) | ✅ [#6983](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/6983) |
| Replace sandbox-test-tool with App Store UI tests (`AppStoreSandboxUITests`, CI leg along full DMG runs) | ✅ [#6980](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/6980) |
| Split app files shared with helper targets | 🔄 A+B in review ([#7029](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/7029)), C ready — see [Target split stages](#target-split-stages) |
| Drop storyboards | 🔄 3 left on main: `Feedback`, `NavigationBar`, `PasswordManager` (`drop-sb-*` worktrees) |
| Core Data models in code | ❌ **Cancelled** 2026-10-01 — Xcode 27 builds these in SPM |
| Asset catalogs for `swift build` | ❌ **Cancelled** 2026-10-01 — Xcode 27 builds these in SPM |
| swift-build fork (Provisional Inputs) | ⏸ not started; may be unnecessary |
| Remote debugging (VMs, old hardware) | ⏸ not started |
| AI instructions, GitHub MCP subtasks | ⏸ not started |

## Open items after the cancellation

- [x] Closed PR [#6976](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/6976) (AssetCatalogPlugin) and the Core Data PR; their worktrees are removed.
- [ ] Check what Xcode 27 actually does for `swift build` (native) and SourceKit-LSP: asset symbols, `.car`, `.momd`, storyboards? Earlier finding on Xcode 26: only `--build-system swiftbuild` handles assets, native doesn't. See [[projects/vscode-migration/findings#Asset catalogs]].
- [ ] Re-check whether storyboards still need dropping with Xcode 27.

## Plan (next steps)

1. **Extract files shared with helper targets into packages** — in progress, see [Target split stages](#target-split-stages). Started from 38 app files also compiled into VPN / PIR agent / NetP extensions. Dead flags are gone (#6983); unused memberships trimmed and stages A+B moved (#7029). The old draft `netp-dependencies` is superseded.
2. **Decide on strings & resources in the package** (tech design): 1964 `NSLocalizedString` without `bundle:` (→ `Bundle.main`), ~60 resource files, 8 `Bundle.main.url(…)`. `bundleIdentifier`/`appGroup` via `Bundle.main` can stay.
3. **App code as a library package** + thin app target (`AppMain`, Info.plist, entitlements, embed phases for login items / extensions).
4. **VSCode tasks with cached helper targets**: gate script hashes each extension's inputs (git-based, not mtime) and skips `xcodebuild` when unchanged; assemble step copies prebuilt extensions and signs. Only pays off once the app itself builds with `swift build`. See [[projects/vscode-migration/findings#Extensions in VSCode tasks]].
5. Convert ~57 string-name image lookups (`NSImage(named:)`, `Image("…")`) to asset symbols — they break once code moves to `Bundle.module`.

## Target split stages

Goal: no file in `macOS/DuckDuckGo/` is compiled into a helper target (VPN agent, PIR agent, NetP extensions), so the app directory can become one SPM target. `InputFilesChecker` tracks the remaining files in `temporarilyAllowedMisplacedFiles` (one block per stage); a stale entry fails the build, so each stage PR must remove its block.

| Stage | Files | Used by | Home | New deps / project changes | Size & blockers | PR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | `ApplicationBuildType`, `BuildFlags`, `DuckDuckGoUserAgent` | app + all 6 helpers | `AppKitExtensions` | none (all targets already link it) | 46 imports | [#7029](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/7029) |
| B | `DBPFeatureFlagger`, `DataBrokerAuthenticationManagerBuilder`, `DataBrokerProtectionSettings+Environment`, `WebViewUserAgentProvider`, `SafariVersionReader`, `WebKitVersionProvider` | app + PIR agent | `DataBrokerProtection-macOS` | none (`Subscription` comes transitively, like elsewhere in the package) | 5 imports | [#7029](https://github.com/duckduckgo/apple-browsers/pull/7029) |
| C | `NetworkProtectionPixelEvent` (569 loc) | app, VPN agent, 3 extensions | `NetworkProtectionMac` → `VPNPixels` (new library product) | `VPNPixels` += `VPN`, `Configuration`; BSK package dep; product linked to 7 targets | 9 imports. Ready, uncommitted (`move-vpn-pixel-event`) | own PR, on top of #7029 |
| D | `SubscriptionPixel`, `SubscriptionPixelHandler`, `SubscriptionEnvironment+Default`, `WideEventFeatureFlagAdapter`, `SubscriptionFunnelOrigin` (836 loc) | app, VPN agent, PIR agent, 3 extensions | new local package (no existing one is linked by all consumers) | `Subscription`, `PixelKit`, `Networking`, `PrivacyConfig`, `WideEvent`, `AppKitExtensions`; product linked to ~8 targets | used in ~134 files — biggest diff | own PR (new package, Subscription reviewers) |
| E1 | TipKit ×4, `VPNIPCResources`, `VPNOperationErrorRecorder`, `NetworkProtectionVPNCountryLabelsModel`, `VPNSettings+Environment` (~470 loc) | app + VPN agent | `NetworkProtectionMac` (IPC / UI, or a small `TipKitSupport` target) | `Subscription` for `VPNSettings+Environment` | moderate, no strings | combine with G |
| G | 10 helper-only sources living in `DuckDuckGo/` (`Bundle+VPN`, `NetworkProtectionOptionKeyExtension`, `NetworkProtectionControllerErrorStore`, `NetworkProtectionTunnelController`, `MacPacketTunnelProvider`, `MacTransparentProxyProvider`, `NetworkProtectionNotificationsPresenterFactory`, `VPNFailureRecoveryPixel`, `Bundle+NetworkProtectionExtensions`, `SubscriptionManager+StandardConfiguration`) | helpers only, never the app | helper-owned folders | `git mv` + pbxproj group paths only | small, noisy pbxproj | combine with E1 |
| E2 | `UserText+NetworkProtection+Shared`, `DefaultVPNLocationFormatter` | app + VPN agent | `NetworkProtectionUI` (has `Localizable.xcstrings`) | strings → `Bundle.module` with translations; app and VPN agent each have their own `UserText` | blocked on the strings/resources decision | combine with H |
| H | 4 app icons, `macos-config.json`, 7 VPN Lottie JSONs, 2 NetP `.xcstrings` | app + helpers | package resources or per-target copies | resource bundles / `Bundle.module` | same decision as E2 and the app-package tech design | with E2 |
| F | `UserDefaultsWrapper` (415 loc) + `UserDefaults+NetworkProtectionShared` | app, VPN agent, all extensions; ~51 app files | don't move — deprecated in favour of `KeyedStoring` | follows the KeyedStoring migration | blocked on that migration (owner/timeline TBD) | after the migration |
| X (optional) | `NETP_SYSTEM_EXTENSION` in `MacPacketTunnelProvider`, `MacTransparentProxyProvider`, `NetworkProtectionNotificationsPresenterFactory` | extensions only | runtime check `Bundle.main.bundleURL.pathExtension == "systemextension"` | removes the last `FEATURE_FLAGS` from xcconfigs | changes keychain service / defaults selection — needs VPN team review | optional, separate |

Order: C → D → E1+G → strings/resources tech design → E2+H → F after KeyedStoring. X any time if the VPN team agrees.

## Worktrees

| Worktree | Branch | What |
|---|---|---|
| `trim-target-memberships` | `alex/trim-target-memberships` | Stages A+B + membership trim, PR #7029 |
| `move-vpn-pixel-event` | `alex/move-vpn-pixel-event` | Stage C, uncommitted, on top of #7029 |
| `drop-sb-feedback`, `drop-sb-navigationbar`, `drop-sb-passwordmanager` | `alex/drop-*-storyboard` | Remaining storyboards |
| `coredata-spm-hacks-cleanup` | `alex/coredata-spm-hacks-cleanup` | no commits ahead of main yet |
| `netp-dependencies` | `alex/align-netp-dependencies` | Old draft: move files by target (superseded by the stages above) |
| `vscode`, `vscode2` | `alex/fix-imports-cleanup`, `alex/vscode2` | Old: SwiftGenPlugin draft (uncommitted), root `Package.swift` |
| `sweetpad` | `alex/cursor-fix-build` | Old `.vscode` (SweetPad) config |

Gone: `spm-asset-symbols-plugin`, `coredata-code-models*`, `drop-sb-bookmarksbar*` (BookmarksBar storyboard + xib are on main), `appstore-sandbox-ui-tests` (#6980), `drop-dead-target-flags` (#6983), `split-shared-target-files`.

Demo project for the (cancelled) asset approach: `~/Developer/SPMAssetSymbolsDemo` (`./verify.sh`).